What You Will Learn

• The core principles of eco-tourism: conservation, education, community involvement, and responsible travel.
• How eco-tourism supports sustainable travel by reducing carbon footprints and funding conservation efforts.
• The positive impact of eco-tourism on local economies, cultural heritage, and biodiversity.
• Essential tips for creating your eco-travel checklist to prepare for sustainable adventures.
• Ways to engage with local communities and learn about traditional ecological knowledge during your travels.
• How to be a responsible traveler by minimizing your environmental impact and supporting local businesses.
• Opportunities to participate in eco-tourism conferences and community initiatives to deepen your understanding and impact.

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Recap of Key Points

Here is a quick recap of the important points discussed in the article:

• Eco-tourism Principles: Emphasizes conservation, education, community involvement, and responsible travel.
• Sustainable Practices: Reduces carbon footprint, supports local economies, and funds conservation efforts.
• Community Benefits: Creates jobs, preserves cultural heritage, and protects wildlife through eco-tourism initiatives.
• Eco-Travel Checklist: Include reusable items, eco-friendly toiletries, and nature-friendly gadgets for a sustainable journey.
• Engagement with Local Culture: Participate in workshops and connect with indigenous communities to enrich your travel experience.
• Being a Responsible Traveler: Leave no trace, support local businesses, and respect wildlife during your travels.

Under the forest tapestry of fluffy fruit bats and intersecting branches, I crept closer to a prehistoric-looking giant tortoise that had taken refuge in the shade of some shrubbery. My presence on Aldabra Atoll in the Indian Ocean was improbable for a number of reasons. The world’s second-largest coral atoll is not only extremely remote (it’s about 700 miles from Victoria, the capital of the Seychelles), but it also requires visitors to adhere to intense biosecurity measures. The atoll is home to 100,000 giant tortoises, the largest population in the world, as well as to nearly 400 other endemic species and subspecies, including the white-throated rail, the western Indian Ocean’s last remaining flightless bird.

Smaller ships can access remote atolls like the Seychelles’ Outer Islands with minimal environmental impact.

Smaller ships like the one I’m traveling on, Ponant’s (#5 Small Ship) Le Bougainville, can access these prime natural areas with minimal impact. Visiting most of the Seychelles’ tiny Outer Islands, like the 0.18-square-mile St. Francois, involved “wet landings”: hopping off Zodiacs straight into clear shallow water. Veteran outfitter Abercrombie & Kent, which partnered with Ponant on the experience, took numerous measures to ensure that our arrival would not harm the environment, including dipping our shoes in antimicrobial liquid and vacuum-sealing our belongings.

Coastal Africa and the continent’s island nations, like the Seychelles and Madagascar, are inviting places to cruise, with their unique ecosystems, white-sand beaches, and historical seaside cities. Yet offerings here are limited. We didn’t encounter another vessel—not even a fishing boat—during our first 10 days of sailing through the Seychelles. I saw more red-footed boobies than tourists.

It’s 6 am, and I’m not at all keen to get out of bed. I drag myself out from under the warm duvet and head to the dining room to grab some coffee and make my way to the waiting game drive vehicle. We head out on our drive, warmly tucked up under blankets and with a flask of hot coffee in hand.

The early morning light shines over the reserve as our guide steers down the rugged dirt tracks of the reserve. Within what feels like minutes, we come across a breeding herd of elephants. The young calves play while the matriarch watches over them, stripping branches from a spekboom as she waits. A few decades ago, this scene would have been unimaginable. The land was overgrazed farmland, stripped of both wildlife and vegetation. But today, thanks to a bold experiment in rewilding, it’s home to the full array of safari animals, from antelope to apex predators, and has become one of the country’s most inspiring conservation success stories.

At the heart of this transformation are two properties: Shamwari Private Game Reserve and the smaller, adjacent, Founders Lodge by Mantis. Together, they represent not just a top safari destination, but also a living case study of what happens when ecology, vision, dedication, and tourism come together.

Shamwari’s story is legend in African conservation circles. In the early 1990s, farms exhausted by the overgrazing of livestock were purchased; with the plan being to restore the land. Fences came down. Grasslands and Albany thickets were nursed back to health. Then came the wildlife. Elephants, white rhinos, and hippos were the first to return, their browsing helping to regenerate the soil and disperse seeds. Black rhinos and buffalo followed. Then came predators, lion, cheetah, brown hyena, and eventually leopard. Within a decade, Shamwari had become the first Big Five game reserve in the Eastern Cape. “We wanted to show that conservation could be profitable, sustainable, and deeply human,” says Adrian Gardiner, the man behind Shamwari and Founders.

Gardiner insists he never saw this as a ‘quick fix’, nor did he see it as a short-term project. “Conservation does not have an end date. It’s a lifelong commitment,” he tells me, and the evidence is all around us. Shamwari now spans more than 60,000 hectares, and is home to healthy wildlife populations, including several endangered species. What’s more, the reserve has become a model for similar projects across the province. Shamwari’s success has inspired neighbouring landowners to rewild, too; creating a corridor of wildlife reserves where once there was only farmland.

Founders Lodge represents a more personal side to this story. Originally Gardiner’s family home, the lodge sits on 400 hectares of rolling hills, adjacent to the Shamwari reserve. Today it operates as a boutique eco-lodge, with seven suites, plus a 5-berth restored railway carriage, perched on a hill a short distance away.

The main building retains a classic farmhouse feel, with wide verandas, stone walls, and open lawns. The outdoor fire pit and shaded terrace invite sun-soaked lunches and quiet evenings sitting out under the stars, while the swimming pool and gym give you a place to stretch your body between game drives. What sets the lodge apart, however, is not just its design or décor, but rather its direct link to the wider Shamwari landscape and the conservation journey that began here.

Back at Founders, after our morning game drive, I sit on the verandah outside my room. I can see rhinos grazing just a few metres away, the only thing between us, a knee-high electric fence. Over the years Founders has become a sanctuary for rhinos, with many of the rhinos here being survivors of the horrific poaching trade – indeed, some still carry bullet fragments in their bodies. Poaching remains a constant threat, and both reserves invest heavily in round-the-clock monitoring, dehorning programs, and anti-poaching units. So seeing them here, grazing so peacefully, is wonderful.

Beyond the lawn and the rhinos, but within the lodge’s grounds, zebras graze, and in the distance I can see a magnificent male kudu, with his stunning corkscrew horns. After lunch I head to the underground photographic hide, positioned at the lodge’s waterhole. I’m just in time to see a giraffe bending awkwardly down to drink. Shortly afterwards, a rhino and her calf arrive for a mud bath and general wallow in the waterhole.

Afternoon comes, and we head out on another game drive. The distinctive roar of a lion reverberates from somewhere in the reserve. We head in the direction of the sound, one synonymous with the African bush, and after many twists and turns, and a detour past a cheetah who’s using the top of a termite mound as a lookout point, we’re rewarded with the sight of a thick-maned male lion patrolling his territory, and announcing his presence for all to hear. We sit and watch for a while, transfixed by the size and strength of this powerful predator.

What makes both Shamwari and Founders unique though, is that game drives here are not just about ticking lists of animals seen. Yes, the ‘Big Five’ are here, but what’s special about this place is that it’s more than just the animals, it’s the entire story behind the reserve – the removal of the fences, the regeneration of the vegetation, the reintroduction of the wildlife. Community partnerships are also central to the model. Right from the beginning, both Shamwari and Founders have prioritised training and employing local people, along with supporting local schools and running conservation education programmes. This has shifted attitudes towards wildlife. What was once seen as competition for land is now a source of livelihood and pride.  

Today, South Africa’s Eastern Cape is firmly on the safari map. Once overlooked in favour of Kruger or KwaZulu-Natal, it now offers a malaria-free safari experience, milder weather, and a landscape that’s been completely regenerated. Shamwari has become a global name, welcoming celebrities and conservationists alike, while Founders offers a smaller-scale, but still very personal way to connect with the same legacy.

Practical information

Founders Lodge by Mantis is located in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, around 75km from Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha) airport, which is well connected to Johannesburg and Cape Town. The region is malaria-free, making it great for families, and private use options are available for multi-generational families or small groups.

Sarah Kingdom

Sarah Kingdom is a travel writer from Sydney, Australia. When she is not climbing or traveling, she lives on a cattle ranch in central Zambia.