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Dog kisses are supposed to be sweet, but if your pup’s breath makes you pull away, you’re not alone. Bad breath (halitosis) is one of the most common complaints dog parents have. While it’s often caused by plaque buildup and poor oral hygiene, it can also be linked to underlying health issues.

The good news? You don’t have to live with the stink. With a little consistency, you can freshen your dog’s breath and protect their overall health. We’ve got 15 safe, vet-approved remedies you can try at home, plus signs to look for so you know when it’s time to call in professional help.

When Bad Breath Is More Than Just Annoying

Not every case of doggy bad breath is harmless. If your pup’s breath smells sweet, metallic, or especially foul, it could signal issues like diabetes, kidney disease, or infections.

Call your vet right away if your dog’s breath suddenly changes or if you notice symptoms like:

• Drooling or pawing at the mouth
• Difficulty eating or chewing
• Bleeding gums
• Vomiting or weight loss

If it’s just mild “morning breath,” though, these simple fixes can help.

The 15 Vet-Approved Fixes for Bad Dog Breath

1. Brush Your Dog’s Teeth

Nothing beats brushing. Using a canine-safe toothbrush and toothpaste, aim for two to three times per week. With patience and rewards, your pup can learn to tolerate (and even enjoy) the routine.

2. Carrots

Carrots make a safe, crunchy snack that helps scrape bacteria and debris from teeth while supporting gum health. Chop into bite-sized pieces to avoid choking.

3. Dental Treats

Dogs love treats, so why not make them work double duty? Dental chews help reduce plaque and tartar as your dog chews. Look for the VOHC Seal of Acceptance for safety and effectiveness.

4. Curly Parsley

Chop a little curly parsley and mix it into food for a natural breath freshener. Thanks to chlorophyll, it can help neutralize odors — but only curly parsley is safe, never flat-leaf.

5. Apples

Crisp apple slices (without seeds or core) provide natural scrubbing action while offering a tasty, hydrating snack.

6. Yogurt

Plain, unsweetened yogurt adds probiotics that support digestive and oral health. Avoid any yogurt with flavorings, sweeteners, or chocolate.

7. Dental Water Additives

Just a splash of dental additive in your dog’s water bowl can help fight odor-causing bacteria. Be sure to follow instructions carefully and keep water fresh.

8. Wheatgrass

This green booster has antibacterial properties that can help reduce odor. A small serving goes a long way in keeping your pup’s breath fresher.

9. Dental Diets

Some vet-approved diets are designed to clean teeth while your dog chews. Ask your vet if switching to one of these foods could help your pup.

10. Raw Animal Bones (Vet-Guided Only)

Gnawing on raw bones can help scrape tartar and keep teeth strong. Choose a bone about the size of your dog’s head and never offer cooked bones, which can splinter.

11. Coconut Oil

In small amounts, cold-pressed coconut oil may help reduce bacteria and freshen breath. It also comes with added digestive benefits.

12. Cinnamon

A light dusting of cinnamon on your dog’s food adds antibacterial power — and a pleasant aroma for fresher breath.

13. Apple Cider Vinegar

Rich in natural acids and minerals, apple cider vinegar may help fight bacteria that cause odors. Add about half a teaspoon to your dog’s water, and always keep plain water available too.

14. Dental Powders

Sprinkling dental powder onto meals can support healthy oral bacteria and aid digestion. Be sure to measure carefully as directed.

15. Celery

Crispy celery sticks help stimulate saliva, which naturally rinses bacteria from the mouth. It’s a refreshing snack that doubles as a natural freshener.

The Bottom Line

Bad breath might seem like just an annoyance, but it’s often your dog’s way of telling you something isn’t right. From brushing and diet changes to fun chew toys and natural fresheners, these simple fixes can make a big difference and keep those puppy kisses enjoyable again.

If your dog’s bad breath persists or worsens, don’t ignore it. Schedule a checkup with your vet to rule out serious causes. With consistent care, fresh breath (and healthier teeth) is possible for every pup.

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Dealing with smelly, dirty, goopy, or itchy cat ears? There are two main types of ear cleaners for cats, and the best type for your cat will depend on whether or not your cat has an ear infection.

General cat ear cleaners will work to clean dirt, debris, and buildup from inside your cat’s ears. This can help alleviate hearing issues, irritation, and itchiness, and promote overall health and well-being for your cat. However, if the problem points toward yeast, bacteria, ear mites, or fungi being behind your cat’s ear issues, consult your veterinarian and seek a medicated ear cleaner designed to fight the infection.

For tips on what to look for in a cat ear cleaner and tips on cleaning your cat’s ears at home, we spoke with Dr. Rebecca Greenstein, veterinary medical advisor for Rover and chief veterinarian at Kleinburg Veterinary Hospital.

The Winners

Our favorite overall ear cleaner is Zymox Ear Cleaner with Bio-Active Enzymes. We were won over by the enzyme-forward ingredients and the formula that is gentle enough to use on sensitive ears. For cats that have an ear itch that a simple cleaning doesn’t seem to scratch, we recommend Zymox Plus Advanced Formula 1% Hydrocortisone Otic Dog & Cat Ear Infection Solution. This formula has the same non-irritating, enzyme-based ingredients that we love in our top pick, with the added itch-stopping power of hydrocortisone. Need an ear cleaner with a different application or with all-natural ingredients? We’ve got more recommendations for you:

What We Like: Uses natural enzymes; dissolves biofilm; gentle, non-toxic, and non-irritating

What We Don’t Like: Contains propylene glycol, which can be harmful if ingested; formula too mild to handle heavy-duty infections or irritations

Zymox Ear Cleaner with Bio-Active Enzymes is an effective place to start for cleaning buildup and controlling yeast, bacteria, and biofilm before it gets out of control. We appreciate how this formula is non-medicated and utilizes a patented system of natural enzymes—including lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and lysozyme—that employ a broad-spectrum approach to destroying microorganisms and promoting ear health. The plant-based surfactants target dirt and wax, flushing it out of your cat’s ear canal.

However, this ear cleaner is intended for ear cleaning, not treatment. If your cat has any long-standing ear issues or you notice the ear looks inflamed, infected, or irritated beyond the basics, you’ll want to take your pet to get checked out by their vet. Even if your cat is prescribed antibiotics, it can be helpful to flush and clean the ear with this cleaner as a first step in prepping the ear for antibiotic treatment.

Additionally, this ear cleaner can also be used to maintain ear health after a course of ear infection treatment. We like that it’s gentle enough to use on sensitive or recovering ears (a big plus for your cat, too).

As a bonus, the formula is nontoxic and safe even if small amounts are ingested by your cat (such as if they lick at the application site). However, propylene glycol, a moisturizing solvent included in Zymox, shouldn’t be consumed in large quantities and may be harmful to your cat if too much is ingested.

Available in 4-ounce squeeze bottle

What We Like: Alternative to antibiotics that bacteria don’t build a resistance to; contains 1 percent hydrocortisone; nontoxic and non-irritating; contains triple enzymes to destroy biofilm, yeast, bacteria, and fungus
What We Don’t Like: Contains alcohol; small amount of product

Sometimes helping calm an ear itch requires a bit of a boost. Zymox Plus Advanced Formula 1% Hydrocortisone Otic Dog and Cat Ear Infection Solution is our go-to pick for cats experiencing frequent itching of the ears. We really like that this formula eschews medicinal ingredients in favor of enzymes known to fight and break down yeast, bacteria, fungi, and biofilm.

This is especially key for cats with recurrent bacterial or fungal infections that become antibiotic-resistant. Hydrocortisone provides an added punch, since it’s anti-inflammatory and anti-itch.

This cleaner is also nontoxic and non-irritating to your cat’s ears, and can safely be used for an extended period of time. That said, this ear treatment also contains alcohol, which can be drying for some cats when overused, so be sure to use only as directed to avoid further irritating your cat’s already inflamed ears.

Using this product is a cinch thanks to the smaller size of the bottle and applicator, which can fit and be squeezed with one hand. This also makes application easier to control when you’re applying the product directly to your cat’s ear.

Keeping that in mind, it does make for a more expensive product per ounce, but it is still an overall good bang for your buck since it’s reliably effective for treating inflammation. Since this product contains hydrocortisone, it should not be used on cats that are pregnant or feeding kittens.

Available in 1.25-ounce squeeze bottle

How We Picked

We did hours of research into the best-rated and most popular ear cleaners for cats, keeping in mind the expert input from Dr. Greenstein. We took into account ingredients, format, what type of needs the ear cleaner meets, and ease of use. We prioritized function, format, performance, and safety when selecting our top picks.

What to Look For in Cat Ear Cleaners

Vet-Approved Ingredients

Dr. Greenstein recommends using commercial, vet-approved ear cleaners as your guiding gold standard since they contain special ingredients that work to break down earwax for a more efficient cleaning and ear-clearing result. If you’re working on treating an ear infection, these will also help set the stage to help prescription ear medications reach their target sites.

Aside from vet-approved ingredients, Dr. Greenstein recommends looking for vet-approved formulations since they “may also have a specific pH and other components that act as gentle astringents to help dry out excessive moisture in the ear, as well as ingredients with antimicrobial action.” Look for:

• Aloe vera, a natural skin soother
• Vitamin E, also a natural skin soother
• Salicylic acid, which helps dry out the ear
• Hydrocortisone, an anti-inflammatory
• Alcohol, for its anti-microbial and drying properties (small amounts only)

Ingredients to Avoid

• Hydrogen peroxide 
• High concentrations of alcohol 
• Anything overly acidic or astringent that may burn or irritate your cat’s skin
• Common ingredients that are toxic to cats when ingested or absorbed through the skin, such as chloroxylenol

Administration Method

Cat ear cleaner comes in several forms, so be sure you’re grabbing the best type for your cat. This may be a learning curve as cats will have their own preference. The most common types of cat ear cleaner are wipes or flushes. Wipes can be used as needed and will require you to gently stick your finger in your cat’s ear to wipe it clean from the inside.

Cat ear cleaner flush is meant to be gently squirted into your cat’s ear straight from the bottle, massaged in, and then wiped out. However, since most cats won’t tolerate liquid being squirted into their ear, Dr. Greenstein recommends using the ear cleaning solution to dampen a cotton ball or soft towel and using that to wipe out the ear.

Tips for Cleaning Your Cat’s Ears

Although some cats may tolerate it, Dr. Greenstein admits that it’s likely your cat will not like having fluid poured directly into its ears, as with a flush-style ear cleaner. Cats normally keep their ears dry, and they may not welcome the sudden and unusual flush of fluid.

When it comes to application, she advises against the use of cotton-tipped swabs. Just like with human ears, it’s easy to cause accidental injury to structures inside the ear.

Instead, opt for a cotton ball or gauze square moistened with your chosen ear cleaner. Use this moistened ball or wipe to clean the ear by swiping it inside the ear flap and the outer ear canal. You may have to work in steps to get your cat comfortable enough to stay still for ear cleaning.

More We Recommend

What We Like: No strong scent; small pad size for kitten ears; dissolves wax and helps with odor 
What We Don’t Like: Wipes are not flushable; contains phenoxyethanol, an eye irritant

Best for Kittens: These Well & Good wipes are round pads that are presoaked in ear cleaning solution. The smaller size makes them ideal for use on cat and kitten ears.

Unlike larger pad wipes or sheets manufactured to use across species from cats to dogs to even horses, these smaller wipes are more manageable for wiping out little cat ears and reduce wasted product. Your kitten will also be thankful for the low-to-no scent of these wipes.

These wipes are non-medicated, so we like that they can be used for simple ear cleaning and to dissolve wax buildup (especially useful for stray kittens) without also exposing your cat to unnecessary extras. That said, you’ll want to be careful not to get the wipes near your cat’s eyes since this product does contain a common cat eye irritant, phenoxyethanol, which is used as a preservative.

Available in 100-count jars

What We Like: Treats yeast and bacterial infections; fragrance-free; non-stinging; can be used as a pre-treatment for antibiotics
What We Don’t Like: Contains ketoconazole, which can be toxic when ingested

Best for Ear Flushing: Dechra’s TrizULTRA + Keto flush is a patented vet-recommended formula that helps to treat and maintain ears that are prone to mild yeast or bacterial infections. This particular flush formula also contains ketoconazole, an antifungal that can treat and prevent the recurrence of fungal infection in the ear (but can also be toxic to cats if ingested).

The non-stinging and fragrance-free wash is ideal for cats and can be less stressful for cats that already have issues with flush-style administration. We also like that this flush works to clean and prep the ear for topical antibiotic treatment in cats with more severe infections.

Available in 4-ounce and 12-ounce squeeze bottles

What We Like: Contains probiotics; alcohol-free; no added fragrances; 99 percent natural ingredients; purchase provides one day’s meal for a shelter cat; gentle enough for weekly use
What We Don’t Like: Natural ingredients can have a variable scent

Best Natural Option: Cats have more sensitive ears than dogs, especially when it comes to medicine, chemicals, and fragrances, which is why we like this gentle ear cleaner for use on sensitive ears. Skout’s Honor Probiotic Ear Cleaner for Cats contains 98 percent natural ingredients, such as soothing aloe leaf juice, nourishing avocado oil, and a mix of probiotics to help maintain the ear’s biome of good bacteria.

It’s alcohol-free, and there are no added fragrances, but, FYI, the natural ingredients tend to have their own smell that your cat may or may not be okay with. Just keep in mind that this is designed to be a cleaner for dirty ears, not a treatment for infections. Oh, and purchasing a bottle of this ear cleaner will also provide one day’s meal for a cat in need.

Available in 4-ounce squeeze bottle

What We Like: Prevents fungal and bacterial infections and reduces excessive moisture in ear canal; non-irritating, alcohol-free formula; breaks down debris and wax buildup; deodorizes

What We Don’t Like: Pours out too quickly

Pet Parent Favorite: Nearly 21,700 shoppers at Amazon gave Veterinary Formula Clinical Care Ear Therapy Wash a five-star rating, so it’s safe to say that pet parents love it. The active ingredients in this alcohol-free, non-irritating ear flush include salicylic acid and ketoconazole to target and prevent bacterial and fungal infections and lactic acid to reduce excessive moisture in the ear canal. It can also break down the debris and wax buildup that cause odors and provide food for ear mites to feed on.

It is gentle enough for daily use on cats over 12 weeks of age and can be used in conjunction with the brand’s line of ear wipes. The only downside to this ear flush is that the liquid pours out too fast, rather than in small drops, which makes it harder to administer if you have a nervous or restless kitty.

Available in 4.8-ounce and 9.6-ounce squeeze bottles

Other Products We Considered

In addition to our recommended ear cleaners for cats, we also evaluated these, but decided against adding them to our list.

Dr. Gold’s Ear Therapy: We like that this water-based ear cleaner relies on ingredients including salicylic acid to dry out the ear, lactic acid to smooth rough skin, and glycerin to dissolve waxy buildup. The formula also reduces inflammation with tea tree oil and witch hazel, while anti-fungal ingredients work to treat and prevent fungal, yeast, and bacterial infections. We’re less thrilled with the added fragrance and potentially toxic ingredients such as propylene glycol and ketoconazole, which can be dangerous for cats if ingested, leaving you to be vigilant about leaving product behind that could be licked up in their next cat grooming session.

Vetoquinol Ear Cleaning Solution: This ear cleaner is made with a combination of denatured alcohol (the kind that smells), salicylic acid, and lactic acid to help dry out mucky ears. It also contains aloe vera to help soothe irritated skin. We like that even though it contains alcohol, it’s still gentle enough to use several times a week, or for routine ear maintenance, and it helps to acidify the ear to prevent ear infections. However, it’s only available in a larger 16-ounce size, which can feel like product waste for small issues—and it doesn’t come with ear tips, so you’ll need to buy cotton balls or pads to administer.

FAQ

• Do cats need their ears cleaned?

  A typical healthy cat only needs a routine cleaning no more than every few weeks—and some cats won’t need any maintenance at all. Don’t worry about keeping your cat’s ears squeaky clean. In fact, Dr. Greenstein warns that you can do more harm than good by trying to dig into every nook and cranny or doing it too often.

  Instead, she advises that cat parents “get in the habit of checking their kitty’s ears weekly to screen for any issues and assess buildup or any signs of infection.”

  However, she notes that if your cat has a history of ear infections or irritations, underlying allergies, or a narrowing of the ear canal, you may need to clean your cat’s ears regularly. The insides of a cat’s ears can be a breeding ground for infections in some cases, she warns. Though some lucky cats have clean ears that don’t really need attention, others can be prone to collecting excessive dirt and wax—and will need to be cleaned.

• Can you use dog ear cleaners on cats?

  Dr. Greenstein points out that most of the cat ear cleaners on the market are labeled as useful for cats and dogs. It’s safe to use these products on either cats or dogs, but we recommend following the species advice on the product, so if it doesn’t have cats listed, don’t use it.

  There is one notable feature of many ear cleaners marketed to dogs that are also labeled for cats—fragrance. Many dog ear cleaners are scented. Many cats do not like scents. “If your cat is bothered by strong scents, you’ll want to avoid some of the more fragrant products for dogs,” suggests Dr. Greenstein.

• How do I restrain a cat for ear cleaning?

  Cats typically don’t like being restrained, and their small size can make it difficult. Dr. Greenstein notes that a good time to attempt ear cleaning is when your cat is comfy and relaxed or in a lazy mood, and to have treats and calming words at the ready to positively reinforce the experience. If mild restraining is needed, try to restrain them in a way that feels non-threatening.

  Hold them in your lap with their back end up against your body and your arms on either side so they can’t wriggle backward and flee. “Know your cat,” she says, “if they seem stressed or fidgety, you may need an extra set of hands to help, or simply stop and reattempt later when your cat isn’t on high alert.”

Why Trust The Spruce Pets?

K. Alex Beaven is a lifelong cat owner who has dealt with her fair share of ear icks and emergencies over the years. She is happy to report that her cat, Bo, has some of the healthiest ears his vet has seen, even if he likes to act like they are clogged whenever he is doing something he isn’t supposed to do. Alex has written for The Spruce Pets since 2023, and some of her articles include The Best Kitten Foods, Best Bone Broth for Cats, and Best Lickable Cat Treats. For this piece, she gathered expert input from Dr. Rebecca Greenstein, veterinary medical advisor for Rover and chief veterinarian at Kleinburg Veterinary Hospital.

The 8 Best Cat Supplements, According to Real Cats

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Welcome to our “Ask Dr. Paola” series, where every Monday we bring expert advice straight from Dr. Paola Cuevas (MVZ) to help our readers better understand their dog’s health and well-being.

Whether you’re a new pet parent or a seasoned dog lover, Dr. Paola is here to provide answers to your most pressing questions. From nutrition tips and preventive care to troubleshooting common behavioral issues, Dr. Paola is ready to offer insights that will keep your furry friend happy and healthy. Stay tuned for expert guidance on a range of topics that matter most to you and your dog, so you can make informed decisions and provide the best possible care for your canine companion. ‎Have‎ a ‎question? Send it in here!

Why Do Almost All My Puppies Look Like Their Mother?

“Why is it that in my Labrador’s litter, there is only 1 chocolate-colored puppy like the father, and 8 champagne-colored ones like the mother, Maya– Yamile

Hi Yamile!

Coat color in Labrador retrievers is decided by a few key genes that work together, almost like switches being turned on or off. One important gene, called the B locus, controls whether pigment is black or brown (chocolate). Another, the E locus, decides if that pigment will actually show. The chocolate father carries two copies of the brown gene (bb), so he can only pass on the instructions for chocolate. The mother, who is better described as yellow rather than champagne, is genetically (ee). Yellow Labradors are unique because this gene combination masks the underlying color, which means that although she looks yellow, she may still carry the hidden instructions for chocolate.

If Maya is (eeBb) and the father is (eebb), the math works out so that about half the puppies should be yellow carrying chocolate, a quarter yellow carrying two chocolate genes, and a quarter chocolate. But when puppies are conceived, the mix they receive is completely random, like shuffling and dealing cards from the same deck. This is why it is perfectly normal for a litter to look different from the expected ratios. In your case, most of the puppies happened to inherit the combination that makes them yellow like mom, while only one inherited the precise mix to show chocolate like dad. This variation is natural and part of the beauty of genetics in action. Congratulations on your new puppies!

Sincerely,

– Dr. Paola

Help! I Think My Niece Isn’t Caring for Her Dogs Properly!

“Hello Dr. Paola,

My niece is temporarily living with me and keeps her 3 dogs in her car outside with the AC on, like that is good for them. I don’t think that is good for them. She says she loves them, so it’s ok. I think love is caring for them properly. What can I tell her so that she will know that she’s not loving them and needs to let someone else care for them until she can take care of herself? “ – James

Hi James,

You are absolutely right to be concerned. Keeping dogs in a car, even with the air conditioning running, is not a safe or healthy living situation. Cars are confined spaces that do not provide the enrichment, exercise, or mental stimulation that dogs need, and there is also a serious risk that the air conditioning could fail. Studies and veterinary guidelines are very clear that even a few minutes in a vehicle without proper ventilation can become dangerous. Beyond temperature, living in a car means the dogs lack space to move freely, opportunities to interact with their environment, and the stability of a secure, clean, and predictable home.

What you can gently tell your niece is that real love for animals means meeting their physical and emotional needs, not just keeping them nearby. Dogs depend on us for everything, and part of caring for them is ensuring they have a safe environment, regular exercise, social interaction, and proper rest. Let her know that choosing temporary foster care, a trusted friend, or a reputable shelter until she can provide for them again does not mean she loves them less. In fact, making that decision would be one of the most loving and responsible things she could do for them, because it puts their well-being first. Thanks for reaching out, and I hope you can help those dogs.

Sincerely,

– Dr. Paola

Help! My Dog Constantly Licks His Feet!

“Dexter is a 6-year-old Yorkie cross. He is constantly licking his feet. We have tried to distract him, but he soon goes back to doing it. Can you help?” – Ruth

Hi Ruth,

Seeing Dexter repeatedly licking his paw can be puzzling, and there are a few possible reasons behind it. Some dogs develop this habit as a way of releasing tension or expressing excitement, almost like a fidget. In other cases, it may be linked to something physical, such as itchy skin from allergies, irritation between the toes, or even discomfort in the joints. When no medical cause is found, the behavior can sometimes become a repetitive or compulsive action that a dog returns to automatically.

Since you mention he quickly goes back to it even after being distracted, the best next step is to have him examined by a vet to rule out any physical source of irritation or pain. A thorough check of his skin, paws, and mobility can provide clarity. Because allergies are one of the most frequent causes of persistent paw irritation, your veterinarian may also recommend allergy testing or a stepwise investigation into possible triggers such as food or environmental allergens. Identifying and addressing the root cause will give Dexter the best chance of feeling comfortable, and if no medical issue is found, you can focus on managing it from a behavioral standpoint with enrichment and positive redirection. At this stage, a consultation with us at PangoVet can be very helpful, as we can provide you with tailored guidance on a behavioral plan and practical tips to support Dexter at home.

Good luck!

– Dr. Paola

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Attention-deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) affects roughly 8.4% of children and 2.5% of adults.¹ It can be a challenging condition to manage because of its complications and the many knowledge gaps that exist. Scientists aren’t even sure of the specific causes, although research has found some promising leads. While veterinary medicine doesn’t use the same term, they recognize ADHD-like behavior in dogs.

Scientists have identified three main types in humans, depending on which behavior is dominant. They include inattentive, hyperactive, and combination. Symptoms vary with each one, providing valuable insight into their treatment. A lack of focus and organization skills are typical for inattentiveness. Excessive energy and fidgeting describe the second. The third presents with both. But how does this work with dogs?

What Affects ADHD-Like Behaviors in Dogs?

According to the AKC, ADHD-like behaviors are influenced by age and sex, with young males being the most likely to display inattention and impulsivity.² This also mirrors the demographic breakdown in humans.

Breed is another factor to consider. Selective breeding for certain traits in working breeds, for example, has led them to be highly active, and that leaves them liable for hyperactivity and impulsiveness. These behaviors only become worse if they are not provided with lifestyles where they can be active and given a job to do. This is especially true of breeds like Border Collies, German Shepherd Dogs, and Jack Russell Terriers. Meanwhile, dogs like Chinese Crested and Chihuahuas that are bred specifically for companionship, were found to display less of these traits and behaviors in studies.

What’s interesting as well is that studies have shown that a pet owner who previously owned a dog is more likely to have a dog with ADHD-like behaviors, although more research is required to understand why this is the case. However, they speculate that experienced dog owners likely select dog breeds that are more challenging and active.

Treating ADHD-Like Behavior

Before you go to the vet, understand that your dog’s mental and physical activity levels, as well as if they have company, are two factors that could mitigate your dog’s inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. So, spend some more time with your pooch and ensure they are getting as much physical and mental stimulation as needed through both exercise and training.

A vet will likely begin with a complete medical history and workup to eliminate other causes for the unwanted behavior. The goal is to determine whether it has a behavioral or physiological root. That fact can point to an effective treatment plan.

Behavior modification techniques are the preferred ways to deal with ADHD-like behavior. The rarity of hyperactivity suggests some needs in the pup’s well-being are unmet. Remember that dogs must have enrichment and mental stimulation for an optimal quality of life. Unwanted behavior is often a result of a lack of interaction, training, or socialization.

In some cases, a vet may prescribe medication to help treat the issue. Interestingly, some human prescriptions for depression and anxiety are often also efficacious for dogs with behavioral problems. Nevertheless, treatment of ADHD-like behavior is a long and arduous journey. It’ll require patience and understanding to conquer, and you should work with a veterinary behaviorist.

Final Thoughts

Many pets have behavioral issues. Sadly, some problems can lead to relinquishment. Therefore, it behooves prospective pet owners to research a dog breed before committing to ownership. Some pups are more active than others and may not be the best fit in some homes. Treating ADHD-like behavior is challenging but not impossible to manage. Early training and socialization can prevent some cases.

Featured Image Credit: OlgaOvcharenko, Shutterstock

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Welcome to our “Ask Dr. Paola” series, where every Monday we bring expert advice straight from Dr. Paola Cuevas (MVZ) to help our readers better understand their dog’s health and well-being.

Whether you’re a new pet parent or a seasoned dog lover, Dr. Paola is here to provide answers to your most pressing questions. From nutrition tips and preventive care to troubleshooting common behavioral issues, Dr. Paola is ready to offer insights that will keep your furry friend happy and healthy. Stay tuned for expert guidance on a range of topics that matter most to you and your dog, so you can make informed decisions and provide the best possible care for your canine companion. ‎Have‎ a ‎question? Send it in here!

Help! My Dog Is Sitting Sideways. Could It Be Their Hips?!

“Hi Dr. Paola,

Abigail is a 2.5-year-old Shepherd/Lab mix. Recently, I have noticed that when she sits, she sits to the side and has to lean against something. The vet said it’s her knees, but I think it’s her hips. She prescribed pain meds, and now Abigail can run like crazy.

My question is, do I need to give her some kind of supplement? And if so, which one? I have wasted money on so many. Any help is very appreciated.

Thank you for your time.”  – Anna

Hi Anna,

You’re absolutely right to want a clear and effective approach for Abigail without wasting time or money on unproven products. At two and a half years old, a Shepherd-Lab mix showing this kind of seated posture may indeed be compensating for discomfort in either the hips or the knees. While your veterinarian observed changes in the knees, your concern about her hips is valid and quite common in breeds prone to both hip dysplasia and cruciate or patellar issues. The fact that she responds well to pain medication suggests inflammation is present, regardless of the exact joint affected.

Joint supplements can be helpful, especially those backed by peer-reviewed research. Look for a product that contains proven ingredients such as glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate, and undenatured type II collagen (UC-II). These support cartilage health and joint comfort. Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly those derived from marine sources like fish oil, are also anti-inflammatory and have shown benefits in controlled studies. Dasuquin Advanced, GlycoFlex III, or Movoflex are examples of veterinary-recommended joint supplements with good evidence and bioavailability. Consistency is key here; these aren’t quick fixes but long-term support tools. If Abigail is overweight, even slightly, managing her body condition can have a greater impact on joint comfort than any supplement.

Since you’re already working closely with your vet, consider asking for radiographs of her hips and stifles (knees) to better understand where the structural changes are occurring. This will help guide both treatment and preventive strategies more precisely, avoiding further guesswork or wasted spending.

Good luck!

– Dr. Paola

Help! My Dog Is Sneezing a Lot!

“Hello Dr. Paola,

Cooper is an 18-month-old Goldendoodle. He is a joy with lots of energy. Just in the last week or so, he’s been sneezing a lot. What are some things we can try to stop the sneezing?

Thank you.“ – Judy

Hi Judy,

Thank you for reaching out and for sharing a little about Cooper. At 18 months old and full of energy, a sudden onset of sneezing that persists for more than a few days is something worth paying attention to, especially if there’s no obvious trigger. Sneezing in dogs can be caused by several things, including environmental irritants like dust, pollen, or household cleaners, as well as more specific issues like foreign material (for example, a grass awn/foxtail lodged in the nasal passage), mild upper respiratory infections, or even dental problems that affect the nasal cavity. In younger dogs, foreign bodies are a common cause, particularly if the sneezing started suddenly and includes pawing at the nose or discharge coming from one nostril.

To help Cooper at home, consider whether there have been any recent changes to his environment. Vacuuming frequently, using air purifiers, and avoiding strong scents like sprays or candles can minimize exposure to irritants. If he enjoys sniffing around outdoors, try gently rinsing his nostrils with sterile saline using a veterinary nasal rinse to help clear out allergens or debris. However, if the sneezing is frequent, worsens, or is accompanied by nasal discharge, especially if it’s one-sided or contains blood, it’s important to have him examined. In these cases, a veterinarian may need to perform a rhinoscopy or imaging to check for inflammation, infection, or a foreign object. Mild, seasonal sneezing can sometimes resolve on its own, but persistent or progressive signs should always be investigated to avoid complications.

Best,

– Dr. Paola

Help! My Dog Keeps Scratching Their Neck and Ears!

“Dear Dr. Paola,

I recently got a new Cavapoo puppy, Frida, and she won’t stop scratching her neck and ears! She will be running around and then suddenly stop to scratch herself. I don’t know if it’s her collar or something else. At her last vet visit before she came home, her vet said she was healthy, so I’m worried it might be stress.

Help!” – Julia

Hi Julia,

Congratulations on welcoming Frida into your home. Cavapoos are such bright, affectionate little dogs, and it sounds like she’s already full of life. When a young puppy suddenly begins scratching around their neck and ears, it’s important to consider both physical and behavioral causes. Given her age and the specific location, this is more likely to be dermatologic, rather than stress-related. Puppies often react to new collars, especially if they are made of rough or synthetic materials that can irritate delicate skin. If the collar is too tight or has sharp edges or tags rubbing her neck, that could certainly cause the scratching. Try removing the collar for a few hours under supervision and see if the behavior decreases.

However, persistent scratching in the ears or around the base of the ears can also be an early sign of external ear infections, allergies, or even external parasites like mites or fleas. Just because her last veterinary exam was normal doesn’t rule out something that may have developed since, especially now that she’s in a new environment. Puppies have immature immune systems and can quickly react to changes in diet, grooming products, or even new detergents used on bedding. If the scratching continues, worsens, or is accompanied by redness, head shaking, or a bad odor from the ears, I recommend having her rechecked promptly. While stress can sometimes heighten awareness of sensations, true pruritus always has an underlying cause that needs to be addressed directly. Such conditions tend to worsen, so please don’t wait.

Sincerely,

– Dr. Paola

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Welcome to our “Ask Dr. Paola” series, where every Monday we bring expert advice straight from Dr. Paola Cuevas (MVZ) to help our readers better understand their dog’s health and well-being.

Whether you’re a new pet parent or a seasoned dog lover, Dr. Paola is here to provide answers to your most pressing questions. From nutrition tips and preventive care to troubleshooting common behavioral issues, Dr. Paola is ready to offer insights that will keep your furry friend happy and healthy. Stay tuned for expert guidance on a range of topics that matter most to you and your dog, so you can make informed decisions and provide the best possible care for your canine companion. ‎Have‎ a ‎question? Send it in here!

Help! My Dog Still Has Her Nipples!

“Hi Dr. Paola,

When will our Miniature Schnauzer Tarot lose her nipples? ”  – Norman

Thank you for your question, Norman. Your Miniature Schnauzer, Tarot, will not lose her nipples. Nipples are a normal part of a dog’s anatomy and remain throughout life in both males and females, regardless of whether they have been spayed or have had puppies. They only change significantly if there is an underlying medical condition affecting the skin or mammary tissue.

If you’ve noticed any changes in Tarot’s nipples, such as swelling, crusting, discharge, or ulceration, these could be signs of a dermatologic issue, hormonal fluctuation, or mammary gland disorder. Conditions like mastitis, mammary hyperplasia, or neoplasia can cause visible changes and should be evaluated early. If you are unsure whether what you’re seeing is normal, a video consultation with one of the veterinarians at PangoVet can be a helpful first step in determining whether she needs to be examined in person.
Regards,

Dr. Paola

Help! My Dog Had an Adverse Reaction to Librela!

“Dear Dr. Paola,

Librela injections have basically destroyed my 5-year-old Sheltie’s back legs. After much, much testing to rule out everything else, my surgical vet (who suspected Librela) told me that new information in the past few months has come out on Librela and that the FDA has an investigation ongoing. We are in the process of getting a wheelchair.

He had surgery months ago because of bilateral torn ACLs in his back knees. After continuous PT, he continued to get worse. He cannot walk on his paws because of severe ligament damage, etc. His legs are just floppy. Please advise in your column about Librela’s dangers so others can be made aware. He was on Librela due to arthritis in his front legs. “ – Donna

Hi Dona,

I’m so sorry you’re going through such a painful and overwhelming experience with your Sheltie. When a beloved dog begins to lose function despite surgery, rehabilitation, and ongoing care, it’s not only physically demanding but emotionally exhausting. Your dedication to seeking answers while supporting your dog through this is deeply commendable.

Librela (bedinvetmab) is a monoclonal antibody approved to manage osteoarthritis pain by targeting nerve growth factor (NGF). While it was generally well tolerated in clinical trials, the FDA has received over 3,600 adverse event reports since its U.S. approval in 2023. These include neurologic signs such as ataxia, paresis, paralysis, recumbency, and in some cases, death or euthanasia. In many reports, these signs occurred within days of administration, often after the first dose, and without other medications involved. A review published in 2024 further highlighted that musculoskeletal adverse events, including ligament damage and rapid joint deterioration, were reported significantly more often in dogs treated with Librela than in those receiving NSAIDs. As a result, the FDA has required Zoetis to update Librela’s label to include post-approval reports of serious neurologic, urinary, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal events. A more recent 2025 global pharmacovigilance review of more than 18 million administered doses found that while adverse events are still considered rare, some serious effects, such as neurologic and musculoskeletal signs, have been reported, highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring and open communication among veterinarians and pet parents worldwide.

Although causation is not confirmed by these reports alone, they are being taken seriously by both regulatory agencies and the veterinary community. In complex cases like your dog’s, with prior orthopedic challenges, it can be difficult to isolate a single contributing factor, but sharing this information helps protect other pets and raises awareness of the need for further research. Your voice plays an important role in that effort, and I admire your courage in speaking up.
Sincerely,

– Dr. Paola

Help! I Need a More Affordable Option!

“Dear Dr. Paola,

Hunter gets a Librela shot every month. The cost is $80. Is there any over-the-counter pill I can use? ” – Lynne

Hi Lynne,

Thank you for your question. I completely understand how the ongoing cost of managing chronic arthritis in dogs can become burdensome, especially with monthly treatments. Librela is a veterinary-prescribed monoclonal antibody designed to target nerve growth factor (NGF), which plays a central role in pain transmission. This is a unique mechanism that is not replicated by any over-the-counter medication, and currently, there is no FDA-approved alternative available without a prescription that offers the same targeted effect.

Additionally, it’s worth noting that the FDA is reviewing a growing number of post-marketing reports of adverse effects associated with Librela. While no causal link has been confirmed, this investigation has led to increased awareness and label updates. For more details, please refer to the question above.

Over-the-counter support for arthritis typically includes joint supplements like glucosamine, chondroitin, omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil, or green-lipped mussel extract. These may help support cartilage health and reduce inflammation, but they do not directly control pain, and their benefits tend to develop gradually and vary between individuals. Human over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen should never be used in dogs, as they can lead to serious toxicity. If cost is a concern, I would suggest speaking with your veterinarian about other prescription options, such as generic NSAIDs, or potentially combining a nutraceutical plan with lifestyle strategies like weight management or therapeutic exercise. I hope this helps!

Good luck!

Dr.Paola

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